Steve Jobs ya kore mambobin kwamitin saboda sun yarda da shi: Gaskiyar ban mamaki game da al'adun yanke shawara na Pixar
A cikin shekaru goma na Pixar a matsayin kamfani na jama'a (1995-2006), Steve Jobs ya cire mambobi biyu daga kwamitin gudanarwa. Ba saboda rashin aiki mai kyau ko kuskuren dabi'a ba—amma saboda ba su taɓa sabani da shi ba. Dalilin da ya bayyana: 'Idan ba su sabani da ni ba, to ba sa kawo wani ƙima ga kamfanin.' Wannan labarin ya fito daga Ed Catmull, wanda ya kafa Pixar tare da Jobs na tsawon shekaru 26 a jere. Catmull ya bayyana taron kwamitin Pixar a matsayin 'mai rai, mai ƙara ƙarfi, da ban sha'awa—wurin sabani.' Jobs ya fahimci a matakin hankali cewa babu wani fa'ida a cikin zama kuskure, don haka ya canza hanya da sauri lokacin da aka gabatar masa da hujjoji mafi kyau. A cikin Creativity, Inc., Catmull ya rubuta: 'A kaina, ina ganin mutum wanda ba zai iya canza ra'ayinsa ba yana da haɗari. Steve Jobs an san shi da canza ra'ayinsa nan take a cikin hasken sabbin gaskiya, kuma ban san kowa da ya yi tunanin yana da rauni ba.' Catmull ya ƙi bayyana 'filin karkatar da gaskiya' a matsayin hoton shekaru na Pixar: 'Yana gane shi da gyara shi da sauri, wannan shine ƙarfin sa.' A wasu lokuta, an yi nufin cire Jobs daga taron Braintrust na farko saboda kasancewarsa na iya rufe sabani mai buɗewa kafin ya fara; Catmull ya gaya masa: 'Wannan ƙungiya tana aiki tare da kyau. Amma idan ka halarci taron su, zai canza abin da suke.' Sabon fasalin Toy Story 2 na 1998—cirewa da gina fim din cikin kusan watanni tara bayan hukuncin gaskiya na ciki—ya zama misalin asali na tsarin gaskiya na Braintrust. Mafi yawan kamfanoni suna ikirarin suna son sabani mai gina jiki, amma Jobs ya tsara akasin hakan: ya cire wadanda ba su ƙalubalanci a matakin kwamitin kuma ya kare wuraren da tsarin mulki ya rasa ƙarfin sa na ɗan lokaci. Sharhin Catmull mafi kaifi: 'Kowane kamfani yana cewa suna son isa ga gaskiya. Mafi yawan su cike da ƙarya ne.'
A lokacin da Pixar ke matsayin kamfani na jama'a na tsawon shekaru goma, Steve Jobs ya kore mambobin kwamitin guda biyu—ba saboda rashin kwarewa ba, amma saboda ba su taɓa sabani da shi ba. Ed Catmull, wanda ya yi aiki tare da Jobs na tsawon shekaru 26, ya kira taron kwamitin "filayen sabani." Mafi yawan kamfanoni suna cewa suna son neman gaskiya. Jobs a hakikanin gaskiya yana nufin hakan.
- An kore saboda yarda — "Idan ba su yi sabani da ni ba, ba sa kawo wani ƙima."
- Babu fa'ida a cikin kuskure — Jobs ya canza ra'ayinsa nan take lokacin da aka gabatar masa da ingantattun hujjoji
- Fagen rashin jituwa — Taron hukumar an yi shi da nufin ya kasance mai cike da karsashi, hayaniya, da ra'ayoyi masu karfi
- Rock tumbler — Ra'ayoyi da aka goge ta hanyar juyawa, ba a kare su daga wannan ba
Hukumar da Ba Kowa ke Magana Akanta
A cikin shekaru goma na Steve Jobs a kan kwamitin Pixar, shugabannin guda biyu sun rasa kujerunsu. Ba saboda rashin kyakkyawan aiki ba. Ba saboda kuskuren dabi'a ba. Ba saboda sabani na dabaru da suka wuce gona da iri ba. Jobs ya cire su saboda ba su taɓa sabani da shi ba.
Pixar ta fito fili a watan Nuwamba 1995, mako guda bayan bude Toy Story, kuma ta kasance mai zaman kanta har sai Disney ta saye ta a 2006. Labarin wadan nan fitar da aiki guda biyu ya fito ne daga Ed Catmull—co-founder da shugaban Pixar, wanda ya yi aiki tare da Jobs na shekaru 26 a jere, fiye da kowa. Dalilin Jobs, kamar yadda Catmull ya bayyana, ya kasance mai tsauri:
Idan ba su yarda da ni ba, to ba sa kawo wani ƙima ga kamfanin.
Yanzu yi gwajin iri ɗaya a kan kwamitin ku ko ƙungiyar jagoranci. Yawancin shugabanni suna ɗaukar amincewa mai inganci a matsayin aminci. Jobs yana ɗaukar ta a matsayin nauyi mara amfani—kuma wannan juyin yana bayyana fiye da yadda ya yi aiki a zahiri fiye da yawancin tatsuniyoyin da suka girma a kusa da shi.
Ed Catmull na tattaunawa kan aiki tare da Steve Jobs — Steve Jobs Archive
Fagen Sabani
Catmull ba ya bayyana tarukan hukumar a cikin harshen gudanarwa na kowane kwata. Ya bayyana su a matsayin wani abu da ya fi kusa da wasanni:
Tarukan hukumar mu sun kasance masu cike da rai, suna da hayaniya, kuma suna da ban sha'awa. Sun kasance wuraren sabani.
Mutanen da ke kan kwamitin suna da ra'ayoyi masu karfi kuma ba su yarda ba, kuma Steve yana son hakan. Yawancin shugabannin suna cewa suna son hakan, amma Steve ya yi hakan da gaske.
Yawancin kamfanoni suna ikirarin suna son tattaunawa mai ma'ana. A aikace, suna ba da lada ga mutanen da ke sa shugaba jin cewa yana da hikima—wannan shine yanayin zamantakewa da ke haifar da tunanin rukuni. Jobs ya dauki rashin jayayya a matsayin alama cewa wani abu ya karye.
Babu Amfani a Zama Karya
Catmull ya bayyana ka'idar aiki ta Jobs da bayyana mai ban mamaki. Jobs ya fahimta, a matakin fahimta, cewa babu wani fa'ida a cikin kuskure. Da zarar ya gane cewa ra'ayi ko tunani yana da kuskure, ya canza hanya—yawanci nan take kuma ba tare da kare egonsa ba.
Ga mutane da yawa, canza hanya kuma alama ce ta rauni, wacce ta yi daidai da amincewa cewa ba ka san abin da kake yi ba. Wannan yana bayyana a gare ni a matsayin abin ban mamaki—ni kaina, ina tunanin mutumin da ba zai iya canza ra'ayinsa ba yana da hatsari. Steve Jobs an san shi da canza ra'ayi nan take bisa ga sabbin gaskiya, kuma ban san kowa da ya yi tunanin cewa yana da rauni ba.
Wannan ba haɗin kai ne mai laushi ba. Wannan ya kasance neman gaskiya mai matuƙar muhimmanci tsakanin mutane biyu masu ƙarfi—Jobs da Catmull suna sabani akai-akai, kuma ba su taɓa "tattaunawa" a cikin ma'anar da aka saba ba. Shekaru bayan haka, Catmull ya bayyana adadi masu ƙarfi kan yadda waɗannan sabanin suka warware a hakikanin gaskiya:
Yadda Jobs da Catmull suka yi sabani
Ba a kan wanda ya ci ba—amma a kan cewa an gwada tunanin.
Catmull ma yana da wata hanya don zagayen da ya rasa, wanda aka bayyana a cikin wata magana ta Stanford a 2014 mai taken "Yadda Ake Tattaunawa da Steve Jobs": hujjar jinkirin lokaci. Lokacin da Jobs ya yi watsi da wata ra'ayi, Catmull ba ya yi fada a cikin dakin. Ya tafi, ya inganta hujjar, sannan ya dawo mako guda bayan haka da wata ingantacciyar sigar—wannan yana faruwa a wasu lokuta a cikin zagaye da dama. Ba tare da juriya don kanta ba: kowanne zagaye yana bukatar inganta hujjar a gaskiya. Wannan shine steelmanning, wanda aka gudanar a cikin yanayi na rayuwa.
Amma shin Jobs ba ya shahara da tunkude mutane ba?
Idan kana da shakku, kana da dalili mai kyau. Jobs na tarihin rayuwa shine mutum mai "filin karkatar da gaskiya"—jami'in gudanarwa wanda ya karkatar da gaskiya, ya wuce kan injiniyoyi, kuma ya bayar da hukunci cikin kalmomi masu tsanani. Ta yaya wannan Jobs ke jituwa da wanda ya kore mutane saboda sun yarda da shi?
Catmull ya yi watsi da tatsuniyoyin kai tsaye. Aikin da Jobs ya yi tare da shi shine Jobs bayan an kore shi, wanda aka sake fasalta a cikin shekarun NeXT—wani mutum wanda ba ya dauka cewa hankalinsa ya fi na masu yin fina-finai kyau, wanda shine dalilin da ya sa ya yarda a rike shi daga zaman farko na Braintrust. Tsananin ya kasance na gaske. Abin da hoton mai ban dariya ya rasa shine abin da ya faru lokacin da ya yi kuskure:
Yana gane shi da gyara shi da sauri, wannan shine karfinsa.
Hanyar ta kasance a fili ma. Lokacin da aka fitar da iMac na farko ba tare da mai ƙona CD ba a lokacin da aka fara yin rippin kiɗa, amsar Jobs ba ta kasance juyawa ba—amma "mun yi kuskure," wanda aka biyo baya da gyara cikin sauri. Tsananin da kuma son a yarda da kuskure ba su taɓa zama cikin jayayya ba. Tsananin shine ya sa juyawar ta zama mai gaskiya: lokacin da Jobs ya canza ra'ayi, babu wanda ya yi kuskure ya ɗauka a matsayin ladabi.
Braintrust: Kare Gaskiya daga Ikon
Hujja mafi bayyana game da abin da wannan al'adu za ta iya tsira da shi ta zo a lokacin Bikin Godiya na 1998. Toy Story 2 yana kasa da shekara guda daga fitarwa lokacin da John Lasseter ya zauna tare da taron fim din ya bayar da hukuncin gaskiya: yana da fanko—mai kyau, mai hasashe, kuma ba ya kusa da matsayin Pixar.
Pixar ta soke mafi yawan fim din kuma ta sake gina shi cikin kusan watanni tara, wani gajeren tafiye-tafiye da Catmull ya bayyana a cikin Creativity, Inc. a matsayin tushen al'adun gaskiya na studio. Darasin da Pixar ta kafa ba "a yi aiki tuƙuru ba." Abin da aka koya shine cewa "wannan ba ya isa," idan aka faɗa da wuri kuma aka ɗauka da muhimmanci, shine mafi arha a cikin ginin. Rukunin da ya sa irin wannan gaskiya ta zama al'ada ya zama Braintrust—masu gudanarwa da jagororin labari da suka duba kowanne fim a cikin ci gaba.
Ka'idar da ta fi dacewa da Braintrust ta shafi mutum mafi karfi a cikin kamfanin. A wasu lokuta, an yi niyyar a bar Jobs daga zaman farko—kuma Catmull ne ya sanya iyaka, yana gaya masa:
Wannan rukuni yana aiki tare da kyau. Amma idan ka halarci taron su, zai canza abin da suke.
Hankalinsa ya kasance mai karfi sosai har ya yi hadarin rufe sabani kafin ya fara. Manufar ba ta kasance don kare ji ba. Manufar ita ce kare yanayin da za a iya bayyana mafi kyawun ra'ayoyi.
Matsalar Mafi Girman Matsayi na Mutum
Cire Jobs daga taron farko na Braintrust ba wani abu ne na ƙyama ba—amma tanadin cewa ra'ayin Shugaban Kamfanin, wanda aka bayyana na farko, yana zama ra'ayin da aka amince da shi. Jobs ya san hakan ma: ya fara bayanan sa ga shugabannin da "Ba ni da masaniyar fim. Kuna iya watsi da duk abin da na ce." Babu wanda zai iya. Catmull ya tuna cewa ko lokacin da Jobs ya maimaita ra'ayoyin da aka bayar a baya na Braintrust, hakan yana zama kamar bugun ciki.
Yawancin Kamfanoni Cike suke da Karya akan Wannan
Hangen nesa mafi kaifi na Catmull yana yaduwa fiye da Pixar:
Kowane kamfani na cewa suna son samun gaskiya. Yawancin su cike da karya ne. Abin da yawancin kamfanoni ke da shi shine mutane suna gaya wa shugaba abin da shugaba ke son ji, kuma shugaba yana tunanin saboda suna jin abin da suke son ji, cewa suna da wannan rukuni mai zurfin tunani.
Matsalar tana da tsarin gini. Tsarin mulki, kwarin gwiwa na aiki, da kuma matsi na zamantakewa duk suna karkata zuwa ga yarjejeniya. Shugabanni suna kuskure daukar wannan yarjejeniyar da aka samu a matsayin hikima. Jobs ya dauki wannan tsarin a matsayin gazawar zane kuma ya tsara hanyoyin magance shi—a matakin kwamitin ta hanyar cire wadanda ba su da kalubale, da kuma a matakin kirkira ta hanyar kare tarukan da tsarin mulki ya rasa ikon sa na wucin gadi. Hakanan tsarin ginin yana bayyana a cikin ka'idojin sabani a McKinsey, Bridgewater, da Amazon: gaskiya ta hanyar zane, ba ta hanyar karfafa gwiwa ba.
Rok Tumbler: Ra'ayoyi da aka Kammala ta Hanyar Gasa
Metafora ta Jobs game da wannan ta fito ne daga yarintarsa. Wani makwabci ya nuna masa injin goge dutse—kwano da ke juyawa da dutsen da ba a yi masa komai ba tare da gishiri da ruwa a cikin dare. Washegari: dutsen da aka goge.
Abin da ya kasance a cikin tunanina shine misalina na ƙungiya mai aiki tuƙuru akan wani abu da suke da sha'awa akai. Ta hanyar ƙungiyar, ta wannan rukuni na mutane masu basira sosai da suke haɗuwa da juna, suna samun sabani, suna samun faɗa wani lokaci, suna yin hayaniya, da aiki tare suna inganta juna da kuma inganta ra'ayoyin, kuma abin da ya fito shine waɗannan kyawawan duwatsu.
Metaphor na Steve Jobs na tumbi dutse daga "The Lost Interview" (1995/2012)
Jinƙai ba shine matsalar ba—amma tsarin ne. Ra'ayoyi da ba a kalubalanta ba su ne duwatsu masu kauri. Ra'ayoyi da suka tsira daga sabani su ne waɗanda aka goge.
Jony Ive, yana tunawa da Jobs a 2011, ya bayyana rabin sauran wannan falsafa—dalilin da ya sa dole ne a kula da faduwar:
Ya kula da tsarin kirkire-kirkire da wani abu na musamman da kuma kyakkyawan girmamawa… ra'ayoyi a ƙarshe na iya zama masu ƙarfi, [amma] suna farawa a matsayin ra'ayoyi masu rauni, waɗanda ba su da kyau, suna da sauƙin rasa, suna da sauƙin lalata, suna da sauƙin kawai a matsa.
Tumbler yana goge ra'ayoyi. Girmamawa tana kiyaye wadanda suka yi rauni suna da rai na tsawon lokaci don samun goge. Ayyuka suna rike duka a lokaci guda—wanda ya sa juyawa ta samar da duwatsu maimakon kura.
Abin da Wannan Ke Bukata Gaskiya
Kwafi matsayin yana da wahala fiye da yadda ake tunani. Wasu muhimman tasirin suna bayyana:
Auna ƙima ta hanyar ingancin rashin jituwa
Shiru ko yarda ta hanyar juyawa ba ya zama aminci—hanya ce ta rashin aiki yadda ya kamata. Waye a cikin kwamitin ku ko kungiyar jagoranci da bai taɓa sabani da ku a fili ba?
Hanyoyin suna da muhimmanci fiye da kalmomin juyin juya hali.
"Mun karfafa gaskiya" yana da rahusa. Tsara dakuna, hanyoyi, da karfin iko da ke sa gaskiya zama hanya mafi sauki yana da tsada—kuma yana da wuya.
Mutumin da ke da matsayi mafi girma yawanci yana bukatar ya je na karshe ko ya fita.
Aikin ya yarda da iyakokin shiga nasa a tarukan Braintrust saboda wannan dalili. Yaushe za ka yi magana ta ƙarshe a taronka na gaba?
Canza ra'ayinka dole ne ya zama a bayyane kuma ba tare da hakuri ba
Idan shugaba bai taɓa gyara matsayin sa a fili ba, kowa zai koyi cewa zama daidai yana da tsaro fiye da zama da inganci.
Sabani ba ya zama kamar rashin aiki.
Kwamitin Pixar da Braintrust ba su kasance cikin rudani ba. Su ne wurare da ke da manufa mai kyau: bayyana gaskiya cikin sauri fiye da gasa.
Tambayar Gwaji
Waye a cikin kwamitin ku ko kungiyar jagoranci da bai taɓa sabani da ku a fili ba—kuma menene hakan ya jawo muku? Idan amsar ita ce "kowa yana yarda da ni," kuna da matsalar da Jobs ke warwarewa a Pixar.
Darasi na Gaskiya
Steve Jobs yawanci ana tunawa da shi a matsayin babban edita—mutumin da ya tilasta dandano nasa. A Pixar, tsarin da ya fi ban sha'awa ya bambanta. Ya gina tsarin da ya tilasta ma dukkanin manyan mutane a dakin (ciki har da kansa) su fuskanci mafi kyawun ra'ayoyi.
Masu gudanarwa da ba su taɓa sabani ba ba su da amfani. Taron da ya kasance cikin ladabi ba su da inganci. Jagoran da ba zai iya canza ra'ayinsa ba yana da haɗari.
Babu, bayan komai, wani fa'ida a cikin yin kuskure.
Hanyoyin Koyo & Karin Karatu
Ed Catmull na tattauna kan tsarin hukumar Pixar, mambobin hukumar da aka kore, da kuma yadda Jobs ke magance sabani.
Tattaunawar Jobs da Robert X. Cringely a 1995, wanda ya haɗa da misalin na'urar daka dutse don jayayya a cikin ƙungiya
Tattaunawar Catmull akan hujjar jinkirin lokaci da yadda sabanin ra'ayinsa da Jobs ya warware a hakika
Tattaunawa ta awanni biyu da rabi inda Catmull ya raba labarin korar hukumar da falsafar yanke shawarar Jobs.
Littafin Catmull akan al'adun Pixar, Braintrust, da yadda Jobs ya yi nazari kan neman gaskiya ta hanyar bayyana gaskiya cikin tsari
Tambayoyi da ake yawan yi
Me yasa Steve Jobs ya kore mambobin kwamitin Pixar saboda sun yarda da shi?
A cewar Ed Catmull, wanda ya kafa Pixar tare da Jobs kuma ya yi aiki tare da shi na shekaru 26, Jobs ya kore mambobin kwamitin biyu a lokacin da Pixar ke matsayin kamfani na jama'a (1995-2006) musamman saboda ba su taɓa sabani da shi ba. Dalilin Jobs: 'Idan ba su sabani da ni ba, to ba sa kawo wani ƙima ga kamfanin.' Ya yi imanin cewa mambobin kwamitin da suka yarda koyaushe ba su yi tunani mai zurfi ba, ba su kasance masu gaskiya ba, ko duka biyun - kuma dukkan su ba su dace da jiki na yanke shawara ba.
Menene ma'anar 'filayen sabani'?
Ed Catmull ya bayyana tarukan hukumar Pixar a ƙarƙashin Steve Jobs a matsayin 'filayen sabani'—taruka da suka kasance 'cike da rai, masu ƙara, da ban sha'awa.' Wannan kalma tana bayyana yadda Jobs ya ƙirƙiri sabani mai amfani. Ba kamar hukumar kamfanoni ta yau da kullum inda mambobi yawanci ke janye ga CEO ba, hukumar Pixar ta ƙunshi ra'ayoyi masu ƙarfi, sabani na gaske, da muhawara mai zafi. Jobs ba kawai ya yarda da wannan ba; ya ƙaunace shi kuma ya ɗauka a matsayin muhimmin abu ga yanke shawara mai kyau.
Yaya Steve Jobs ya yi mu'amala da kasancewa a kuskure?
Catmull ya lura cewa Jobs ya fahimci cewa babu wani fa'ida a cikin kuskure. Ba kamar shugabanni da yawa da ke daukar canza hanya a matsayin rauni ba, Jobs ya canza ra'ayinsa 'nan take bisa ga sabbin bayanai.' Catmull da Jobs sun yi sabani akai-akai—kimanin kashi daya cikin uku na lokacin Catmull ya kasance daidai, kashi daya cikin uku Jobs ya kasance daidai, kuma kashi daya cikin uku Catmull ya ci gaba bayan tattaunawa, wani rarrabuwa da Catmull ya bayyana a cikin jawabin sa na 2014 a Stanford 'Yadda Ake Tattaunawa da Steve Jobs.' Jobs ya damu da samun amsar da ta dace, ba tare da damuwa da lashe muhawara ba.
Me yasa a wasu lokuta aka keɓe Steve Jobs daga taron tunani na Pixar?
An kiyaye Jobs daga zaman farko na Braintrust da gangan saboda kasancewarsa na iya dakatar da sabani kafin ya fara. Ra'ayoyinsa suna da nauyi sosai har mutane za su fi son yarda maimakon inganci da zarar ya yi magana. Catmull ya fada wa Jobs kai tsaye: 'Wannan rukuni yana aiki tare da kyau. Amma idan ka halarci taron su, zai canza abin da suke.' Jobs ya yarda kuma ya karbi wannan iyaka—yana gane cewa kare gaskiya yana da muhimmanci fiye da halartar kowanne taro.
Menene misalin dakin jujjuyawar dutse na Steve Jobs?
A cikin 'Tattaunawar da aka rasa' (1995), Jobs ya bayyana yadda wani makwabci ya nuna masa injin goge dutse a lokacin yarintarsa—kwano da ke juyawa da dutsen da ba a yi masa komai ba tare da gishiri ba a cikin dare, yana samar da dutsen da aka goge da safe. Jobs ya yi amfani da wannan a matsayin misalinsa na manyan ƙungiyoyi: 'Hakan yana nufin ta hanyar ƙungiyar, ta wannan rukuni na mutane masu basira sosai suna juyawa juna, suna samun sabani, suna samun fada wani lokaci, suna yin hayaniya, da aiki tare suna goge juna da kuma goge ra'ayoyi.' Juyawa shine tsarin, ba matsala ba.
Yaya wannan ya dace da suna na 'filin canza gaskiya' na Steve Jobs?
Ed Catmull ya yi watsi da wannan tatsuniya kai tsaye. Jobs da ya yi aiki tare da su a Pixar shine Jobs na bayan 1985, wanda aka sake fasalta shi bayan an kore shi daga Apple da shekarun NeXT. Catmull ya ce Jobs bai dauka cewa hankalinsa ya fi na masu yin fina-finai kyau ba—wanda ya sa ya yarda da ficewa daga taron Braintrust na farko—kuma lokacin da ya yi kuskure, 'yarda da shi da gyara shi cikin sauri, wannan shine karfinsa.' Misalin jama'a: Jobs ya amince 'mun yi kuskure' lokacin da aka fitar da iMac ba tare da mai ƙona CD ba, sannan ya gyara hanya cikin sauri. Tsananin ya kasance na gaske; haka ma saurin sabuntawa.
Yaya hanyar Jobs ta bambanta da yawancin al'adun kamfanoni?
Gano Catmull: 'Duk kamfani yana cewa suna son samun gaskiya. Mafi yawan su cike suke da karya. Abin da mafi yawan kamfanoni ke da shi shine mutane suna gaya wa shugaba abin da shugaba ke son ji, kuma shugaba yana tunanin saboda suna jin abin da suke son ji, suna da wannan rukuni mai zurfin tunani. Jobs ya tsara akasin wannan tsarin—yana cire wadanda ba su kalubalanta a matakin hukumar da kuma kare taron kamar Braintrust inda tsarin mulki ya rasa karfinsa na ɗan lokaci.'
Menene tushen farko na labarin kwamitin Pixar?
Labari ya fito ne daga Ed Catmull, wanda ya kafa Pixar tare da kuma shugaban tsawon lokaci, wanda ya yi aiki tare da Steve Jobs na shekaru 26 a jere—fiye da kowa. Catmull ya raba labarin fitar da hukumar a cikin tattaunawar da aka yi da Steve Jobs Archive a shekarar 2025 tare da mai shirya fina-finai Jon M. Chu, kuma a sake yin bayani mai zurfi tare da David Senra (Founders Podcast, 2026). Littafinsa Creativity, Inc. (2014) yana rubuta al'adun Braintrust na gaskiya da kuma rikicin Toy Story 2 da ya haifar da shi.
Argumentree Team
Executive Leadership
The Argumentree team is pioneering structured decision intelligence for enterprises worldwide. Our mission is to transform how organizations make, document, and learn from decisions.
Yadda Wannan Ke Haɗa da Sabani Mai Tsari
Aikin ba kawai yana bukatar jarumai ba—ya gina tsarukan sabani. Hakanan tsarin suna bayyana a cikin manyan kungiyoyi masu aiki a duniya.
Abubuwa guda 5 na tsarin da ke haɗa dukkan al'adun rashin jituwa na manyan mutane
Gina hujja mai karfi kafin ka shiga - tsarin da masu kare hakkin kotun koli ke horarwa tare da kotunan jayayya.
Bubbles, Bay of Pigs, da tunanin kungiyar Janis—me ya sa kungiyoyi masu hankali ke kasa da abin da tsarin ke gyarawa
Gina filin tattaunawa naka.
Aikin Jobs ya inganta gaskiya a Pixar. Argumentree yana ba tawagarku wannan tsari - tare da nazarin fa'ida da rashin fa'ida, shigar da ra'ayi ba tare da an san wanda ya bayar da shi ba, da kuma dalilan da aka rubuta.
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